Pandas are furballs famously known for their diet that consists of bamboo. However, they hardly listen to their guts, as their digestive system is suited for a carnivorous diet. This bizarre dietary habit has mystified scientists for long, and now, Chinese scientists might have an answer for us.
The researchers say that pandas devour bamboos to regulate their sense of smell and taste, and bamboos also influence their behavior. According to research published in the journal Frontiers on Friday, pandas absorb a material called microRNA or, miRNA in short, into their bloodstream. But why would pandas spend 16 hours a day devouring bamboo just to absorb traces of genetic materials?
MiRNAs are small RNA molecules that have a hand in genetic expression. And giant pandas want to get this exact benefit. MiRNA dictates how genetic information is passed across pandas’ bodies, shapes the way they act, and has a role in moulding their immune systems, biological rhythms and growth. Dr. Li Feng, senior author of the study, says that miRNA present in bamboo also regulates smell, taste and dopamine pathways, which are all related to their feeding habits. They have also noticed that baby pandas recognize the most nutritious and the freshest bamboos as they grow.
The study incorporated results of detecting specific biomolecules in the blood samples of six adult pandas, and a juvenile. The researchers found traces of 57 miRNA in the blood samples. Scientists hope to understand the effects of miRNA in potentially preventing diseases and treatment.
Currently, 1800 pandas roam in the wild. Habitat loss and fragmentation have dwindled their numbers, but the Chinese government’s steps to form panda reserves can help conserve these fluffy creatures. Pandas have little intention of reproducing, and their babies are usually fragile, which makes their conservation all the more critical.
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